Background

The hot-mix asphalt industry is constantly exploring technological improvements that will enhance the material’s performance, increase construction efficiency, conserve resources, and advance environmental stewardship. It is logical that
one approach to achieving these goals would involve methods to reduce material production temperatures. The concept of warm-mix asphalt has been introduced over the last few years as a means to these ends. Warm-mix asphalt is produced
at temperatures in the range of 30o to 100oF lower than typical hot-mix asphalt (HMA).

The production and placement of HMA pavements has evolved over the last 130 years from hand mixing and manual placement with rakes and shovels to computerized plants feeding highly automated remixing, placement, and compaction equipment that track location and material quality. During this period, it has become recognized that temperature control is crucial to aggregate coating, matrix stability during production and transport, ease of placement, compaction, and ultimately the performance of the pavement. During construction, the temperature must be high enough to ensure the workability of
the mix and yet below the temperature at which drain-down and excessive binder hardening occur.

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